Which power does the President have over federal bureaucracies?

The President has significant authority over federal bureaucracies through the power to issue executive orders. This allows the President to direct the operations of federal agencies and implement policies without needing new legislation from Congress. Executive orders can effect changes in administrative processes, establish new policies within federal agencies, or clarify the enforcement of existing laws.

By using executive orders, the President can shape the functions and priorities of federal bureaucracies according to their agenda, thus exerting a direct influence on how these agencies operate and carry out their responsibilities. This power is an essential tool for the executive branch to manage the federal government effectively and respond swiftly to pressing issues.

In contrast, the other options presented relate to different aspects of governmental power that do not apply directly to federal bureaucracies. For example, influencing Supreme Court decisions pertains to the judiciary, while overriding congressional budgets involves legislative authority. Calling for national referendums is not a typical presidential power, as referendums are often state matters or involve ballot initiatives rather than a direct presidential function.