What is the definition of "bureaucracy"?

Bureaucracy is best defined as government organizations that implement public policy selected on expertise. This definition captures the essential characteristics of a bureaucracy, which operates within a structured framework to carry out the laws and policies enacted by the government. Bureaucracies are typically characterized by a hierarchical organization, a clear division of labor, and a set of rules and procedures designed to ensure efficiency and accountability in administering public programs and services.

The focus on expertise indicates that bureaucratic agencies often employ specialists and professionals who have the knowledge and skills necessary to manage complex public policy issues effectively. This professionalization is crucial, as it enables governments to implement policies based on informed decisions rather than arbitrary actions.

Other options do not adequately encompass the full scope of what a bureaucracy entails. The mention of political elections addresses a different aspect of governance rather than the operational mechanisms. The idea of organizations enforcing laws without structure misrepresents the highly organized and regulated nature of bureaucratic systems. Lastly, managing budgets and finances pertains to a specific function within the government, rather than defining the entire concept of bureaucracy.