What are three key features of bureaucracies?

The identification of hierarchical authority, job specialization, and formalized rules as key features of bureaucracies is based on the foundational characteristics that define how bureaucratic organizations operate.

Hierarchical authority refers to the structured chain of command within a bureaucracy, where roles and responsibilities are clearly defined. This structure enables efficient decision-making and accountability, as each level of authority can oversee and manage the level beneath it.

Job specialization is another critical feature of bureaucracies. It involves dividing tasks among various positions so that employees can focus on specific functions. This specialization leads to greater efficiency and expertise within the organization, as individuals become skilled in their particular roles.

Formalized rules are essential because they establish consistent procedures and guidelines that all members of the bureaucracy must follow. These rules help ensure fairness, reliability, and predictability in the organization’s operations, allowing it to function systematically and maintain order.

Together, these three features work to create a stable and orderly environment that characterizes bureaucratic organizations, making option B the most accurate representation of key elements found within bureaucracies.